TVA Rural Studies

Telecommunications and Rural Development:
Threats and Opportunities

Edwin B. Parker
Parker Telecommunications
May 1996

Endnotes

Paper prepared for the Tennessee Valley Authority Center for Rural Studies, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, May 1996.

Edwin B. Parker is President of Parker Telecommunications, P.O. Box 402, Gleneden Beach, OR 97388, telephone (541) 764-3058, facsimile (541) 764-3059, e-mail edparker@teleport.com.

The Telecommunications Act of 1996, signed into law by President Clinton on February 8, 1996.

National Telecommunications and Information Administration. The National Information Infrastructure: Agenda for Action. Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce, September 15, 1993.

Federal Communications Commission. Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Common Carrier Bureau Docket No. 96-45. Washington, DC, March 8, 1996.

Alliance for Public Technology. Connecting Each to All: Principles to Implement the Goal of Advanced Universal Service. Washington DC, 1995.

Edwin B. Parker, Heather E. Hudson, Don A. Dillman, and Andrew D. Roscoe. Rural America in the Information Age: Telecommunications Policy for Rural Development. The Aspen Institute and University Press of America, Lanham, MD 1989.

Edwin B. Parker and Heather E. Hudson, with Don A. Dillman, Sharon Strover and Frederick Williams. Electronic Byways: State Policies for Rural Development through Telecommunications. The Aspen Institute, Washington, DC, revised second edition, 1995.

Francis J. Cronin, Edwin B. Parker, Elisabeth K. Colleran, and Mark A. Gold. "Telecommunications Infrastructure and Economic Growth: An Analysis of Causality." Telecommunications Policy, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 529-535, December 1991.

Francis J. Cronin, Elisabeth K. Colleran, Paul L. Herbert and Steven Lewitzky. "Telecommunications and Growth: The Contribution of Telecommunications Infrastructure Investment to Aggregate and Sectoral Productivity." Telecommunications Policy, Vol. 17, No. 9, pp. 677-690, December 1993.

Francis J. Cronin, Patricia M. McGovern, Michael R. Miller, and Edwin B. Parker. "The Rural Economic Development Implications of Telecommunications: Evidence from Pennsylvania." Telecommunications Policy, Vol.17, No. 7, pp. 545-559, October, 1995.

Andrew P. Hardy. "The Role of the Telephone in Economic Development." Telecommunications Policy, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 278-286, December, 1980.

Henry James. The Farmer’s Guide to the Internet. TVA Rural Studies, the University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, 1996.

See http://www.newportnet.com/, http://www.palouse.org/ and http://www.civic.net/webmarket/ on the Internet’s world wide web.

See http://www.peak.org/lincoln/html/ on the Internet’s world wide web.

Communications Act of 1934, title I, Section 1, "Purposes of act, creation of Federal Communications Commission."

Organization for the Protection and Advancement of Small Telephone Companies. Keeping Rural America Connected: Costs and Rates in the Competitive Era, Washington, DC, 1994.

US Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Rural America at the Crossroads: Networking for the Future, OTA-TCT-471, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, April 1991.

Edwin B. Parker and Heather E. Hudson. See reference 8, above.

Telecommunications: Planning for the Future. International City/County Management Association (ICMA). Washington, DC, 1996.

Telecomm ’92: Connecting Idaho to the Future, A Strategic Plan for Idaho Communications. Division of General Services, Department of Administration, Boise, ID, 1992.

The source of that number and others in this appendix is the 1994 OPASTCO study cited in Note 17, above.

Federal Communications Commission. Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Order Establishing Joint Board. Common Carrier Bureau Docket No. 96-45, Adopted March 8, 1996, Washington, DC.

Federal Communications Commission. “Telephone subscribership in the United States (Data Through November 1995)” Washington DC, February 1996.

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